Diagnoses

ADLs are basic tasks a person needs to be able to do on their own to live independently. Health issues and aging may make it difficult for seniors to complete certain everyday self-care tasks. Research shows that individuals over age 85 generally need assistance with daily living, with more than 20% of seniors over 85 requiring help with ADLs.
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Basic ADLs, as outlined by the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, include six essential skills:

Bathing and showering — the ability to bathe and maintain personal hygiene, which can include tasks like brushing teeth, combing hair, and nail care
Continence — having complete control of bowels and bladder
Dressing — the ability to select appropriate clothes and outerwear for the weather or occasion, and to get dressed independently
Mobility — being able to walk or transfer from one place to another, specifically in and out of a bed or chair
Feeding (excluding meal preparation) — the ability to get food from plate to mouth, and to chew and swallow
Toileting — the ability to get on and off the toilet and clean one’s self without assistance